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APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director

panonychus ulmi

Profile

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
acari tetranychidae european red mite AG fruit trees

Shown Resistance to Active Ingredient(s)

  1. abamectin (#8)
  2. amitraz
  3. azinphos-methyl (#10)
  4. benzoximate
  5. binapacryl (#3)
  6. bromopropylate
  7. carbaryl
  8. carbophenothion (#2)
  9. chinomethionate (#3)
  10. chlorbenside (#2)
  11. chlordimeform (#3)
  12. chlorfenson (#7)
  13. chlorfensulfide
  14. chlorobenzilate (#2)
  15. chlorpyrifos (#2)
  16. clofentezine (#3)
  17. cyhexatin
  18. DDT
  19. demeton (#7)
  20. demeton-S-methyl (#4)
  21. diazinon (#2)
  22. dicofol (#18)
  23. dicrotophos (#3)
  24. dimethoate (#2)
  25. ethion (#3)
  26. fenazaquin (#4)
  27. fenpropathrin (#3)
  28. fenson (#3)
  29. fenthion
  30. genite (#2)
  31. hexythiazox (#2)
  32. malathion (#9)
  33. methidathion (#3)
  34. mevinphos (#2)
  35. omethoate
  36. Organophosphates - Unspecified In Literature (#28)
  37. parathion (#21)
  38. parathion-methyl (#2)
  39. phenkapton (#3)
  40. phosmet (#2)
  41. phosphamidon (#2)
  42. propargite (#3)
  43. spirodiclofen (#2)
  44. tebufenpyrad (#4)
  45. tetradifon (#11)
  46. tetrasul
  47. thiometon (#2)
  48. vamidothion

Citation(s) of Resistance

# Citation
1 Beers, E.H., H. Riedl, and J.E. Dunley. (1998). Resistance to Abamectin and Reversion to susceptibility to Fenbutatin Oxide in Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations in the pacific northwest. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91(2) 352-360.
2 Pree D.J., K.J. Cole, and P.A. Fisher. (1989). Comparison of Leaf Disc and Petri Dish Assays for the Assessment of Dicofol resistance in populations of European Red Mite From Southern Ontario. Canadian Entomologist, 121 771-776.
3 Graham, T.W. (1991). Resistance to Clofentezine and Hexythiazox in Panonychus ulmi from apples in Australia. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 11 73-80.
4 Reissig, W.H., and L.A. Hull. (1991). Hexythiazox Resistance in a Field Population of European Red Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Apples. Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(3) 727-735.
5 Nauen, R., N. Stumpf, A. Elbert, C.P.W. Zebitz, and W. Kraus. (2001). Acaricide toxicity and resistance in larvae of different strains of Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Manag Sci, 57 253-261.
6 Anon. (1964). U.S.. Dept. Agric. In: Brown 1971.
7 Anon. 1974a. (1974). Communication to FAO. Laboratorio de Fitofarmacologia, Oerias, Portugal.
8 Asakawa, M. (1975). Insecticide resistance in agricultural insect pests of Japan.. Jpn. Pestic. Inf., 23 5-8.
9 Coulon, J. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
10 Dicker, G.H.L. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
11 (1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
12 (1969). Report of the Fourth Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1968.
13 Fjelddalen, J. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
14 Gaines, R. C. (1957). Resistance to insecticides.. Agric. Chem., 12 41-42.
15 Geigy, R. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
16 Hoyt, S.C. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
17 Husseiny, M. (1960). In: Brown 1971.
18 Iwata, T. (1984). Personal communication.
19 Kerr, R. W. (1964). Note on arthropod resistance to chemicals used in their control in Australia.. J. Aust. Inst. Agric. Sci., 30 33-38.
20 Nickel, J.L. (1985). In: FAO 1967.
21 Peterson, H.I. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
22 Rock, G.C. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
23 Rock, G.C. (1974). Communication to FAO.
24 Rui, D. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
25 Wegorek 1965. (1965).
26 Anon. 1973. (1973).
27 Anon. 1974c. (1974).
28 Anthon 1965. (1965).
29 Balevski, A. (1971). Spinnmilbenbekampfung in Obstanlagen.. Int. Z. Landwirtsch., 1971 327-34.
30 Balevski, A. (1967). Vorbeugungmoglichkeiten gegen Akaricid-Resistenz von Panonychus ulmi.. Internat. Pflanz., Wien, 1967. Abstr..
31 Beran 1965. (1965).
32 Bohm 1974. (1974).
33 Bower, C. C. (1977). European red mite -- apple pest in N.. S. W. Agric. Gaz. N. S. W., 88 40-41.
34 Chapman, R. K., and Penman, D. R. (1984). Resistance to propargite by Europoean red mite, Panonychus ulmi, and two spotted mit, Tetranychus urticae.. New Zeal. J. Agric. Res., 27 103-03.
35 Collyer, E. and Kirby, A. H. M. (1958). The problem of acaricide-tolerant strains of the fruit red speder mite, Metatetranychus ulmi (Koch) in southeast England.. Ann. Rep. East Malling Res. Stn., Kent,, 46 131-39.
36 Collyer, E. and van Geldermalsen, M. (1975). Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand.. I. Outline of experiment and general results. N. Z. J. Zool., 2 101-34.
37 Croft, B. A. and McGroarty, D. L. (1973). A model study of acaricide resistance, spider mite outbreaks, and biological control patterns in Michigan apple orchards.. Environ. Entomol., 2 633-38.
38 Cranham, J. E. (1975). Resistance to binapcryl in field populations of fruit tree red spider mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch).. Plant Path., 24 39-44.
39 Dimond 1974. (1974).
40 Downing 1954. (1954).
41 Downing 1965. (1965).
42 Englert, W. D. (1975). Akarizidresistenz bei Freiland populationen der Ostbaumspinnmilbe Panonychus ulmi (Koch) an Reben.. Weinberg Keller, 22 491-99.
43 Forsythe 1965. (1965).
44 Galetenko, S. M. (1978). Resistance of tetranychid mites.. (In Russian.) Zashch. Rast. (Mosc.), 12 21.
45 Helson, G. A. H. (1973). Insect pests of European red mite.. N. Z. J. Agric., 126 30.
46 Herne 1974. (1974).
47 Herne, D. H. C. (1973). Methodology for assessing resistance in the European red mite.. Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Acarology, Prague, 1971, pp. 663-67.
48 Hoyt 1974. (1974).
49 Kelsey 1965. (1965).
50 Kolbe, W. (1972). Untersuchungen uber Euparen Mals Fungizid im Kernobstbau unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Spinnmilbenwirkung und Sortenvertraglichkeit.. Pflanzenschutz Nachr. Bayer, 25 123-62.
51 Lienk, S. E., Dean, R. W. and Chapman, P. J. (1952). Resistance of European red mite to parathion.. J. Econ. Entomol., 45 1082.
52 Meyer 1965. (1965).
53 Meyer 1974. (1974).
54 Miller 1965. (1965).
55 O'Neill, W. T. and Hantsbarger, W. H. (1951). Apple and pear control experiments for 1951.. Proc. Wash. State Hortic. Assoc., 47 134-37.
56 Parent 1965. (1965).
57 Pellegrini & Pietro-Tonelli 1965. (1965).
58 Pfeiffer, C. I. And Ayats, J. F. (1970). Resistance a deux acaricides organophosphores d'une souche d'acariens dans la region parisienne.. Phytoma, 218 33-37.
59 Plaut 1968. (1968).
60 Pree, D. J. and Wagner, H. W. (1987). Occurrence of cyhexatin and dicofol resistance in the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) in southern Ontario.. Can. Entomol., 119 287-290.
61 Putman, W. L. and Herne, D. C. (1959). Gross effects of some pesticides on populations of phytophagous mites in Ontario peach orchards and their economic implications.. Can. Entomol., 91 567-79.
62 Wildbolz 1974. (1974).
63 Zoebelein 1963. (1963).
64 Sanford 1965. (1965).
65 Stamenkovic, T. (1984). Gaining resistance of Panonychus ulmi Kock (Tetranychidae) to some acaricides from the chlorinated carbohydrates group.. Plant Protection (Zastita Bilja), 170 309-16.
66 Van de Vrie 1959. (1959).
67 Caballero 1968. (1968).
68 Gosswald & Mathur 1965. (1965).
69 Honma et al. 1961. (1961).
70 Lee, S.C. (1969). Resistance to parathion and kelthane of mites in Korea.. Korean Soc. Plant. Prot., 12 91-96.
71 MacPhee 1974. (1974).
72 Welty et al. 1988. (1988).
73 Kumral, N.A., Susurluk, H., Gencer, N.S., Gurkan, M.O. (2009). Resistance to chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin along with detoxifying enzyme activities in field-collected female populations of European red mite. Phytoparasitica, 37 7-15.
74 N. Kumral, B. Kovanci. (2007). Susceptibility of female populations of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) to some acaricides in appple orchards . Journal of Pest Science , 80 131-137.
75 Kramer, T., Nauen, R. (2011). Monitoring of spirodiclofen susceptibility in field populations of European red mites, Pananychus ulmi (Kock) (Acari: Tetranychidae), and the cross-resistance pattern of a laboratory-selected strain. Pest Management Science, 67 1285-1293.
76 Auger, P., Bonafos, R., Guichou, S., Kreiter, S. (2003). Resistance to fenazaquin and tebufenpyrad in Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from South of France apple orchards. Crop Protection, 22 1039-1044.
77 Rameshgar, F., Khajehali, J., Nauen, R., Bajdac, S., Jonckheerec, W., Dermauwc, W., and VanLeeuwen, T. (2019). Point mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene associated with pyrethroid resistance in Iranian populations of the European red mite Panonychus ulmi . Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.
78 Rameshgar, F., Khajehali, J., Nauen, R., Dermauw, W., and Van Leewen, T. (2019). Characterization of abamectin resistance in Iranian populations of European red mite, Panonychus ulmi Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Crop Protection, 125 104903.

Location(s) Where Resistance is Reported

# Location
1 7 -- Australia -- 4
2 8 -- Austria -- 4
3 19 -- Bulgaria -- 4
4 25 -- Canada -- 4
5 28 -- Chile -- 4
6 38 -- Denmark -- 4
7 53 -- France -- 4
8 57 -- Germany -- 4
9 76 -- Israel -- 4
10 77 -- Italy -- 4
11 79 -- Japan -- 4
12 82 -- Korea -- 4
13 84 -- Lebanon -- 4
14 99 -- Netherlands -- 4
15 103 -- New Zealand -- 4
16 107 -- Norway -- 4
17 114 -- Poland -- 4
18 115 -- Portugal -- 4
19 137 -- Sweden -- 4
20 138 -- Switzerland -- 4
21 139 -- Syria -- 4
22 154 -- United Kingdom -- 4
23 157 -- USA -- 4
24 158 -- USSR -- 4
25 165 -- Yugoslavia -- 4
26 172 -- USA -- Indiana -- 4
27 173 -- USA -- New York -- 4
28 180 -- USA -- Michigan -- 4
29 182 -- USA -- California -- 4
30 183 -- USA -- Mississippi -- 4
31 184 -- Canada -- Quebec -- 4
32 185 -- Canada -- Ontario -- 4
33 190 -- USA -- Pennsylvania -- 4
34 191 -- USA -- Virginia -- 4
35 194 -- USA -- Maine -- 4
36 195 -- USA -- North Carolina -- 4
37 199 -- Australia -- New South Wales -- 4
38 203 -- USA -- South Carolina -- 4
39 204 -- USA -- Maryland -- 4
40 206 -- USA -- Washington -- Clarkston -- 4
41 210 -- USA -- West Virginia -- 4
42 211 -- Canada -- British Columbia -- 4
43 212 -- USA -- Delaware -- 4
44 213 -- Canada -- Nova Scotia -- 4
45 214 -- USA -- Ohio -- 4
46 219 -- Australia -- Tasmania -- 4
47 221 -- USA -- Illinois -- 4
48 2449 -- Turkey -- Bursa -- Gursu-Agakoy -- 4
49 2450 -- Turkey -- Bursa -- Iznik-Merkez -- 4
50 2997 -- Turkey -- Bursa -- Gursu-Kumlukalan -- 4
51 4433 -- Germany -- Heidenfahrt-Heidesheim -- 4
52 5373 -- France -- Tarn -- 4
53 5374 -- France -- Gard -- 4
54 5375 -- France -- Garrone -- 4
55 5376 -- France -- Vaucluse -- 4
56 5379 -- France -- Garonne -- 4
57 12575 -- Azerbaijan -- Marand -- 4
58 12576 -- Azerbaijan -- Mianeh -- 4
59 12577 -- Azerbaijan -- Maraqeh -- 4
60 12758 -- Iran -- Shahin Dej -- 4
61 12759 -- Iran -- Mahabad -- 4
62 12760 -- Iran -- Mianeh -- 4
63 12761 -- Iran -- Ahar -- 4
64 12762 -- Iran -- Semirom -- 4
65 12763 -- Iran -- Salmas -- 4
66 12764 -- Iran -- Marand -- 4

Other Reference

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