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APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director

Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: culex quinquefasciatus

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
diptera culicidae southern house mosquito MED

Active Ingredient: permethrin

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: PYR CAS #: 52645-53-1 Shaugnessy Code: 109701

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id Year of Report Type of Resistance Location Reference
G22230 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 Benin--
Djougou		 Yadouleton, A., Gado, D., Tchibozo, C., Hounkanrin, G., & Baba-Moussa, L. (2022). Insecticide resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus, a vector of lymphatic filariasis at Djougou, northwestern of Benin: Public health concern.. International Journal of Entomology Research, 7 128-131.
G21456 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
G21457 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
G21458 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
G21459 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
G21460 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
G22221 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 Benin--
Djougou		 Yadouleton, A., Gado, D., Tchibozo, C., Hounkanrin, G., & Baba-Moussa, L. (2022). Insecticide resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus, a vector of lymphatic filariasis at Djougou, northwestern of Benin: Public health concern.. International Journal of Entomology Research, 7 128-131.
G22224 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 Benin--
Djougou		 Yadouleton, A., Gado, D., Tchibozo, C., Hounkanrin, G., & Baba-Moussa, L. (2022). Insecticide resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus, a vector of lymphatic filariasis at Djougou, northwestern of Benin: Public health concern.. International Journal of Entomology Research, 7 128-131.
G22227 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 Benin--
Djougou		 Yadouleton, A., Gado, D., Tchibozo, C., Hounkanrin, G., & Baba-Moussa, L. (2022). Insecticide resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus, a vector of lymphatic filariasis at Djougou, northwestern of Benin: Public health concern.. International Journal of Entomology Research, 7 128-131.
G22170 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 Nigeria--
Dutse		 Omotayo, A. I., Dogara, M. M., Sufi, D., Shuaibu, T., Balogun, J., Dawaki, S., Muktar, B., Adeniyi, K., Garba, N., Namadi, I., Adam, H. A., Adamu, S., Abdullahi, H., Sulaiman, A., & Oduola, A. O. (2022). High pyrethroid-resistance intensity in Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae) populations from Jigawa, North-West, Nigeria.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 16.
G9637 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Macon		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9636 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Lee		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9638 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Elmore		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9639 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Montgomery		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9640 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Lowndes		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9641 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Butler		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9642 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Conecuh		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9643 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Escambia		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9644 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Coosa		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9645 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Talladega		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9646 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Jefferson		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9647 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Blount		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9648 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Cullman		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9649 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Morgan		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9650 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Limestone		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9651 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Mobile		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9652 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Alabama--
Madison		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9653 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Florida--
Okaloosa		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9654 2009 Field Evolved Resistance
 USA--
Tennessee--
Davidson		 Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46 1424-1429.
G9586 2008 Field Evolved Resistance
 Thailand--
Muang--
Muang		 Thanispong, K., Sathantriphop, S., Chareonviriyaphap, T. (2008). Insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Pesticide Science, 33 351-356.
G9587 2008 Field Evolved Resistance
 Thailand--
Lad Lumkeaw		 Thanispong, K., Sathantriphop, S., Chareonviriyaphap, T. (2008). Insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Pesticide Science, 33 351-356.
G9770 2005
Lab selected*

 Thailand--
Kuala Lumpur--
Kuala Lumpur		 Selvi, S., Edah, M.A., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Azahari, A.H. (2005). Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to cross-resistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine, 22 103-113.
G7230 2004 Unspecified
 USA--
Alabama--
Alabama		 Liu, H., E.W. Cupp, K.M. Micher, A. Guo, and N. Liu. (2004). Insecticide Resistance and Cross-Resistance in Alabama and Florida Strains of Culex quinquefaciatus.. Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(3) 408-413.
G7229 2004 Unspecified
 USA--
Florida--
Vero Beach		 Liu, H., E.W. Cupp, K.M. Micher, A. Guo, and N. Liu. (2004). Insecticide Resistance and Cross-Resistance in Alabama and Florida Strains of Culex quinquefaciatus.. Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(3) 408-413.
G7231 2004 Unspecified
 USA--
Alabama--
Mobile		 Liu, H., E.W. Cupp, K.M. Micher, A. Guo, and N. Liu. (2004). Insecticide Resistance and Cross-Resistance in Alabama and Florida Strains of Culex quinquefaciatus.. Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(3) 408-413.
G15588 2013
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

 USA--
Alabama--
Huntsville		 Yang, T., and Liu, N. (2013). Permethrin Resistance Profiles in a Field Population of Mosquitoes, Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 585-593.
G5674 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Niakaramandougou		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5677 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Oume		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5673 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
M'bahiakro		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5672 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Korhogo		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5671 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Katiola		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5670 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Gagnoa		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5669 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Ferkessedougou		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5668 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Dimbokro		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5667 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Daloa		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5666 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Bouafle		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5665 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Boouake		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5664 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Abengourou		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5675 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Odienne		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5676 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Ouangolo		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5678 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Soubre		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5679 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
San Pedro		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5680 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Yamoussoukro		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5681 1998 Unspecified
 Burkina Faso--
Banfora		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5682 1998 Unspecified
 Burkina Faso--
Bobo Dioulasso		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5683 1998 Unspecified
 Burkina Faso--
Boromo		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5684 1998 Unspecified
 Burkina Faso--
Niangoloko		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5685 1998 Unspecified
 Burkina Faso--
Ouagadougou		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5686 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Man		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5688 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Abidjan		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5699 1998 Unspecified
 Cote d'Ivoire--
Bouake		 Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa.. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12 359-366.
G5167 1990 Field Evolved Resistance
 Cameroon Peiris, H.T.R., and J. Hemingway. (1990). Temephos resistance and the associated cross-resistance spectrum in a strain of culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) from Peliyagoda, Sri Lanka. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80 49-55.
G5130 1989 Field Evolved Resistance
 Saudi Arabia Amin, A. M. and Hemingway, J. (1989). Preliminary investigation of the mechanisms of DDT and pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) from Saudi Arabia.. Bull. Ent. Res., 79 361-366.
G21461 2022 Field Evolved Resistance
 India Rai, P., and Saha, D. (2022). Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases.
*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.
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