APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director

Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: culex quinquefasciatus

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	culicidae	southern house mosquito	MED

Active Ingredient: Bacillus sphaericus C3-41

MOA: Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus sphaericus
Group: BAC	CAS #: 0	Shaugnessy Code: 0

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G15723	2013	Lab selected*	China-- Hubei	Guo, Q., Cai, Q., Yan, J., Hu, X., Zheng, D., and Yuan, Z. (2013). Single nucleotide deletion of cqm1 gene results in the development of resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Insect Physiology, 59 967-973.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.

© Michigan State University Board of Trustees. East Lansing, MI 48824
MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. Visit msu.edu