Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: leptinotarsa decemlineata

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
coleoptera	chrysomelidae	colorado potato beetle	AG	eggplant, pepper, potato, tomato

Active Ingredient: azinphos-methyl

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 86500	Shaugnessy Code: 58001

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G18325	2015	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	USA-- New York-- Long Island	Wang, Z., Zhao, Z., Cheng, X., Liu, S., Wei, Q., and Scott, I. (2015). Conifer flavonoid compounds inhibit detoxification enzymes and synergize insecticides . Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.
G7342	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Delaware-- Little Creek	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G7352	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Delaware-- Leipsie	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G7350	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Maryland-- Hurlock	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G7348	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Virginia-- Horntown	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G7346	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Maryland-- Pocomoke	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G7344	2006	Unspecified	USA-- Maryland-- Ellwood	Kim, H.J., Dunn, J.B., Yoon, K.S., Clark, J.M. (2006). Target site insensitivity and mutational analysis of acetylcholinesterase from a carbofuran-resistant population of Colorado poato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 165-179.
G23300	1997	Field Evolved Resistance	Turkey-- Bolu-- Bolu	C Erdogan, MO Gurkan. (1997). Investigations on the susceptibility of different Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) populations to some insecticides. Turk Entomoloji Dergisi, 21.
G15664	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New Jersey	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15663	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New York-- Port Bryon	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15662	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Beltsville	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15661	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Wisconsin-- Hancock	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15671	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- Horntown	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15660	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Salisbury	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15659	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Queenstown	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15658	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maine-- Easton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15657	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Pennsylvania-- Rock Spring	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15665	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New Jersey	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15666	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maine-- Bridgewater	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15670	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- Horntown	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15669	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- Horntown	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15668	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Wisconsin-- Central	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15667	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Marlboro	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15673	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Stockton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15674	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- New Church	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15675	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New York-- Riverhead	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15676	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New York-- Calverton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15656	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Delaware-- Leipsic	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15655	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Delaware-- Felton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15672	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New York-- Rush	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G5649	1995	Unspecified	USA-- Florida-- Collier	Anspaugh, D.D., G. Kennedy, and R.M. Roe. (1995). Purification and charaterization of a resistance-associate esterase from the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 53 84-96.
G5650	1995	Unspecified	USA	Anspaugh, D.D., G. Kennedy, and R.M. Roe. (1995). Purification and charaterization of a resistance-associate esterase from the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 53 84-96.
G5653	1995	Unspecified	USA-- New York	Anspaugh, D.D., G. Kennedy, and R.M. Roe. (1995). Purification and charaterization of a resistance-associate esterase from the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 53 84-96.
G15646	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Wisconsin-- Coloma	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15647	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- North Carolina -- Roper	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15648	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- Cape Charles	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15649	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maine-- Mapleton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15650	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Delaware-- Middleton	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15654	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Delaware-- Little Creek	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15651	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Delaware-- Rising Sun	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15652	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia-- Horntown	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G15653	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Maryland-- Pocomoke	Olson, E. R., Dively, G. P., and Nelson, J. O. (2000). Baseline Susceptibility to Imidacloprid and Cross Resistance Patterns in Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Populations. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93 447-458.
G5407	1992	Unspecified	USA	Dively, G.P., F.W. Ellis Jr., and J.J. Linduska. (1992). Baseline Levels and factores Associated with Insecticide Resistance of Colorado Potato Beetle Populations in Maryland. Resistant Pest Management Newsletter, 4 11-14.
G5309	1991	Unspecified	USA-- Michigan	Ioannidis, P.M., E. Grafius, and M.E. Whalon. (1991). Patterns of Insecticide Resistance to Azinphosmethyl, Carbofuran, and Permethrin in the Colorado Potato Beetle (coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(5) 1417-1423.
G5286	1990	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Virginia	Tisler, A.M., and G.W. Zehnder. (1990). Insecticide Resistance in the Colorado Potato Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) on the Eastern Shore of Virginia. Journal of Economic Entomology, 83(3) 666-671.
G5105	1989	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Massachusetts	Argentine, J. A., Marshall Clark, J. and Ferro, D. N. (1989). Genetics and synergism of resistance to azinphosmethyl and premethrin in the Colorado potato beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).. J. Econ. Entomol., 82 698-705.
G3919	1981	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New Jersey	Forgash, A. J. (1981). Insecticide resistance of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say).. In: Advances in Potato Pest Management, J. H. Lashomb and R. Casagrande, eds., Hutchinson Ross Publishing Co., Strusburg, PA.
G3918	1981	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Quebec	Harris, C. R. and Svec, H. J. (1981). Colorado potato beetle resistance to carbofuran and several other insecticides in Quebec.. J. Econ. Entomol., 74 421-24.
G3578	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Connecticut	Hare, J. D. (1980). Contact toxicities of ten insecticides to Connecticut populations of the Colorado potato beetle.. J. Econ. Entomol., 73 230-31.
G3577	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- New York	Semel, M. (1980). Personal communication.
G2175	1974	Field Evolved Resistance	Poland	Lakocy, A. (1974). Communication to FAO.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.