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APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director

tetranychus urticae

Profile

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
acari tetranychidae twospotted spider mite AG cotton, fruits, vegetables, walnut, ornamentals

Shown Resistance to Active Ingredient(s)

  1. abamectin (#77)
  2. acephate
  3. acequinocyl (#4)
  4. acrinathrin (#5)
  5. aldicarb (#2)
  6. amidithion (#3)
  7. amitraz (#2)
  8. azinphos-methyl (#6)
  9. azobenzene
  10. azocyclotin (#4)
  11. benzoximate
  12. BHC/cyclodienes - Unspecified In Literature
  13. bifenazate (#14)
  14. bifenthrin (#6)
  15. binapacryl
  16. bromophos
  17. bromopropylate (#2)
  18. Carbamates - Unspecified in Literature
  19. carbophenothion (#7)
  20. chinomethionate (#2)
  21. chlorbenside
  22. chlordimeform (#3)
  23. chlorfenapyr (#12)
  24. chlorfenson (#2)
  25. chlorfensulfide
  26. chlorobenzilate (#3)
  27. chloropropylate
  28. chlorpyrifos (#8)
  29. clofentezine (#7)
  30. cyenopyrafen (#6)
  31. cyflumetofen (#2)
  32. cyhexatin (#6)
  33. DDT
  34. deltamethrin
  35. demeton (#6)
  36. demeton-S-methyl (#16)
  37. diafenthiuron (#2)
  38. diazinon
  39. dicofol (#25)
  40. dicrotophos (#2)
  41. dienochlor
  42. dimefox
  43. dimethoate (#17)
  44. disulfoton
  45. EPN
  46. ethion
  47. ethoate-methyl
  48. etoxazole (#3)
  49. famphur
  50. fenazaquin (#3)
  51. fenbutatin oxide (#7)
  52. fenpropathrin (#3)
  53. fenpyroximate (#30)
  54. fluacrypyrim
  55. flucycloxuron
  56. formetanate (#3)
  57. formothion
  58. hexythiazox (#11)
  59. hexythiazox + organotin
  60. malathion (#7)
  61. mephosfolan
  62. methamidophos (#2)
  63. methidathion (#6)
  64. methomyl (#4)
  65. mevinphos (#4)
  66. milbemectin (#18)
  67. monocrotophos (#2)
  68. naled (#3)
  69. omethoate (#3)
  70. Organophosphates - Unspecified In Literature (#26)
  71. parathion (#25)
  72. parathion-methyl (#4)
  73. permethrin (#2)
  74. phenkapton (#3)
  75. phenthoate
  76. phorate
  77. phosalone
  78. phosmet
  79. phosphamidon (#3)
  80. pirimiphos-methyl (#9)
  81. profenofos
  82. propargite (#9)
  83. prothoate
  84. pyridaben (#32)
  85. selenium sulfide
  86. spirodiclofen (#10)
  87. spiromesifen (#6)
  88. spirotetramat (#2)
  89. sulfotep (#2)
  90. tau-fluvalinate (#2)
  91. tebufenpyrad (#8)
  92. TEPP
  93. tetradifon (#10)
  94. thiometon (#6)
  95. trichlorfon
  96. vamidothion (#3)

Citation(s) of Resistance

# Citation
1 Keena, M.A., and J. Garnett. (1987). Cyhexatin and Propargite Resistance in Populations of Spider Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) from California Almonds. Journal of Economic Entomology, 80 560-564.
2 Beers, E.H., H. Riedl, and J.E. Dunley. (1998). Resistance to Abamectin and Reversion to susceptibility to Fenbutatin Oxide in Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations in the pacific northwest. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91(2) 352-360.
3 Flexner, J.L., P.H. Westigard, R.Hilton, and B.A. Croft. (1995). Experimental Evaluation of Resistance Management for twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Southern Oregon Pear: 1987-1993. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(6) 1517-1524.
4 Fergusson-Kolmes, L.A., J.G. Scott, and T.J. Dennehey. (1991). Dicofol Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari:Tetranychidae) : Cross-resistance and Pharmacokinetics. Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(1) 41-48.
5 Tsagkarakou, A., M. Navajas, J. Lagnel, J. Gutierrez, and N. Pasteur. (1996). Genetic variability in teranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Greece : Insecticide resistance and Isozymes. Journal of Economic Entomology, 89(6) 1354-1358.
6 Grant, H., V. Edge, and J. Rophail. (1993). Clofentezine and hexythiazox resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch in Australia. Experimental & Applied Acarology, 17 433-440.
7 Devine, G.J., M. Barber, and I. Denholm. (2001). Incidence and inheritence of resistance to METI-acaricides in European strains of the two spotted spider mite (Tetranychus uticae). Pest Manag Sci, 57 443-448.
8 Nauen, R., N. Stumpf, A. Elbert, C.P.W. Zebitz, and W. Kraus. (2001). Acaricide toxicity and resistance in larvae of different strains of Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Manag Sci, 57 253-261.
9 Yang, X., L.L. Buschman, K.Y. Zhu, and D.C. Margolies. (2002). Susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activity in two spider mite species (Acari: Tetranychidae) after selection with three insecticides. Journal of Economic Entomology, 95(2) 399-406.
10 Herron, G.A., and J. Rophil. (1998). Tebufenpyrad (Pyranica) resistance detected in two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychus) from apples in Western Australia.. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 22 633-641.
11 Kim, Y.J., S.H. Lee, S.W. Lee, and Y.J. Ahn. (2004). Fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. Pest Management Science, 60 1001-1006.
12 Herron, G.A., J. Rophail, and L.J. Wilson. (2004). Chlorfenapyr resistance in two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Australian cotton.. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 34 315-321.
13 Van Leeuwen, T., Pottelberge, S.V., Tirry, L. (2005). Comparative acaricide susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activties in field-collected resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae.. Pest Management Science, 61 499-507.
14 Suh, E., Koh, S.H., Lee, J.H., Shin, K.I., Cho, K. (2006). Evaluation of resistance pattern to fenpyroximate and pyridaben in Tetranychus urticae collected from greenhouses and apple orchards using lethal cencentration-slope relationship. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 38 151-165.
15 Harries 1965. (1965).
16 Allen 1965. (1965).
17 Anon. 1974d. (1974). Communication to FAO. Dept. Insect Toxicol., Inst. Entomol., Czechoslovak Acad. Praha.
18 Asakawa, M. (1975). Insecticide resistance in agricultural insect pests of Japan.. Jpn. Pestic. Inf., 23 5-8.
19 Balevski, A. (1974). Communication to FAO.
20 Cermeli, M. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
21 Nelson, R. D. (1985). In: Miller et al.. , 1985..
22 (1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
23 (1969). Report of the Fourth Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1968.
24 Geigy, R. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
25 Glass, E. H. (1960). Current status of pesticide resistance in insects and mites attaching deciduous orchard crops.. Misc. Pub. Entomol. Soc. Am., 2 17-25.
26 Hely, P.C. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
27 Hogan, T.W. (1974). Communication to FAO.
28 Kerr, R. W. (1977). Resistance to control chemicals in Australian arthropod pests.. J. Aust. Entomol. Soc., 16 327-34.
29 Kiritani, K. (1974). Communication to FAO.
30 Lakocy, A. (1974). Communication to FAO.
31 Lakocy, A. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
32 Lower, H.F. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
33 Ma, L.F. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
34 Maher Ali, A. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
35 Markkula, M. and Kurppa, S. (1985). Resistance of insects and mites to pesticides in Finland.. Ann. Agric. Fenn., 24 161-174.
36 Martelli, M. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
37 Miner, F.D. (1974). Communication to FAO.
38 Myburgh, G. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
39 Nickel, J.L. (1985). In: FAO 1967.
40 Oden, T. (1974). Communication to FAO.
41 Palm, C. E. (1949). Development and use of synthetic organic insecticides.. Adv. Chem. Ser., 1 218-22.
42 Plaut, H.N. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
43 Quayle, H. J. (1943). The increase in resistance in insects to insecticides.. J. Econ. Entomol., 36 493-500.
44 Robertson, R.L. (1974). Communication to FAO.
45 Rock, G.C. (1974). Communication to FAO.
46 Setuin, E. (1974). Communication to FAO.
47 Talhouk 1968. (1968).
48 Anon. 1973. (1973).
49 Anon. 1974c. (1974).
50 Baker, R. T. (1985). A note on resistance of two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) to dicofol in New Zealand.. N. Z. J. Exp. Agric., 13 101-02.
51 Beran 1965. (1965).
52 Berendt 1968. (1968).
53 Bohm 1974. (1974).
54 Brun, L. O., Edge, V. E. and Gutierrez, J. (1983). The occurrence of five Tetranychus spp.. (Acarine: Tetranychidae) in New Caledonia and their response to acaricides. Trop. Pest Management., 29 371-77.
55 Chapman, R. K., and Penman, D. R. (1984). Resistance to propargite by Europoean red mite, Panonychus ulmi, and two spotted mit, Tetranychus urticae.. New Zeal. J. Agric. Res., 27 103-03.
56 Coulon, J. (1971). Toxicites comparees de diverses substances pour des acariens phytophages (Tetranychus urticae K.) resistants ou non au parathion ethyl.. Ann. Zool. Ecol. Anim., 3 69-78.
57 Cranham, J. E. (1974). Resistance to organophosphates in red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, from English hop gardens.. Ann. Appl. Biol., 78 99-111.
58 Cranham 1974b. (1974).
59 Croft, B. A., Miller, R. W., Nelson, R. D., and Westigard, P. H. (1984). Inheritance of early-stage resistance to formetanate and cyhexatin in Tetranychus urticae, Acarina: Tetranychidae.. J. Econ. Entomol., 77 574-78.
60 Cwilich & Ascher 1965. (1965).
61 Cwilich, R. and Ascher, K. R. S. (1961). Organophosphorus resistance of spider mites on sugar beets.. Israel J. Agric. Res., 11 135-36.
62 Dennehy 1984. (1984).
63 Dosse 1952. (1952).
64 Edge 1984. (1984).
65 Edge, V. E. and James, D. G. (1982). Detection of cyhexatin resistance in two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae) in Australia.. J. Aust. Entomol. Soc., 21 198.
66 Eldefrawi 1968. (1968).
67 French, N. and Ludlam, F. A. B. (1972). Chemical control of red spider mite on glasshouse roses.. Plant Path., 21 99-104.
68 Fritzsche 1965. (1965).
69 Garman, P. (1950). Parathion resistant red spiders.. J. Econ. Entomol, 43 53-56.
70 Gasser 1965. (1965).
71 Gesner, M. and Hurkova, J. (1979). The resistance of red spider mite populations (Tetranychus urticae) to insecticides applied in the hop gardens of Bohemia.. Ochr. Rostl., 15 133-38.
72 Ghobrial, A., Dittrich, V., Hafiz, M. and Voss, G. (1969). Population analyses of resistance patterns in spider mites of the Tetranychus telarius complex (red and green forms) occuring in Egypt.. J. Econ. Entomol., 62 1262-68.
73 Goodwin-Wilson 1965. (1965).
74 Gould, J. J. (1974). Laboratory and field investigations with organophosphate-resistant Tetranychus urticae.. Ann. Appl. Biol., 74 17-23.
75 Graves 1965. (1965).
76 Graham 1974. (1974).
77 Harrison 1968. (1968).
78 Herne, D. H. C. and Brown, A. W. A. (1969). Inheritance and biochemistry of OP-resistance in a New York strain of the two-spotted spider mite.. J. Econ. Entomol., 62 205-09.
79 Hoyt, S. C., Westigard, P. H. and Croft, B. A. (1985). Cyhexatin resistance in Oregon populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acarina: Tetranychidae).. J. Econ. Entomol., 78 656-59.
80 Kornilov, V. G. (1972). Control methods for preventing the development of spider mite resistance incovered ground (in Russian).. Zashch. Rast., 35 209-15.
81 Lambert 1974. (1974).
82 Legonski 1965. (1965).
83 Maelzer, D. A. and Lohmeyer, V. K. (1960). Insecticides and the resistance problem in aple and pear orchards in South Australia.. Dep. Agric. S. Aust. Tech. Bull., 30 8.
84 Markkula, M. and Tittanen, K. (1970). Two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus telarius L.. resistant to aldicarb. Ann. Entomol. Fenn., 36 191-92.
85 Matsumura 1965. (1965).
86 McEnroe, W. D. and Lakocy, A. (1969). The development of Pentac resistance in an outcrossing swarm of the two-spotted spider mite.. J. Econ. Entomol., 62 283-86.
87 Mello 1968. (1968).
88 Mello, E. J. R. (1969). Estudo da resistencia do acaro do algodeiro Tetanychus urtiecae aos defensivos emperedgados no seu control.. Biologico (Brazil), 35 125-27.
89 Miller 1965. (1965).
90 Mistric 1965. (1965).
91 Morris 1965. (1965).
92 Muir, R. C. and Cranham, J. E. (1979). Resistance to pesticides in damson-hop aphid and red spider mite on English hops.. Proc. Br. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 1 161-67.
93 Ong, S. H. and Ballantyne, G. H. (1974). Acaricidal resistance and gentic affinities of some two spotted spider mite populations in New Zealand.. N. Z. J. Zool., 1 523-30.
94 Pasfield 1968. (1968).
95 Pate & Brook 1965. (1965).
96 Rimes, G. D. (1962). Organophosphorus resistance in red spider mite.. J. Dep. Agric. W. Aust. 3rd Ser., 3 871.
97 Roush, R. T. and Hoy, M. A. (1978). Relative toxicity of permethrin to a predator, Metaseiulus occidentalis and its prey, Tetranychus urticae.. Environ. Entomol., 7 287-88.
98 Smirnova 1974. (1974).
99 Smith & Fulton 1951. (1951).
100 Somme 1965. (1965).
101 Stathopoulos 1974. (1974).
102 Stone, L. E. W., Lane, A. Hammon, R. P., Gould, H. J. and Potter, R. F. (1977). Aldicarb treatment of year-round chrysanthemums for control of red spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Koch), in 1976.. Plant Path., 26 109-11.
103 Unwin, B. (1973). Chemical resistance in populations of Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acarina: Tetranychidae) from apple orchards in New South Wales, Australia.. J. Aust. Entomol. Soc., 12 59-67.
104 Van Zon, A. Q. and Overmeer, W. P. J. (1975). The occurrence of pesticide resistance in red spider mite populations (Tetranychus urticae Koch) collected from wild plants in the greenhouse district of Aalsmeer, the Netherlands.. Z. Angew. Entomol., 79 213-22.
105 Westigard, P. H., Lombard, P. and Berry, D. (1967). Bionomics and control of two-spotted spider mite on pear in southern Oregon.. Oreg. State Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn. Tech. Bull. 101, 32 pp..
106 Anon. (1957). Report on Research, Dept.. Agric., Ottawa, Canada. In: Brown 1971..
107 Caballero 1968. (1968).
108 Hussey 1965. (1965).
109 Lee, S.C. (1969). Resistance to parathion and kelthane of mites in Korea.. Korean Soc. Plant. Prot., 12 91-96.
110 Overmeer, W.P.J. and Van Zon, A. Q. (1975). The stability of acaricide resistance in spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) populations from rosehouses.. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 18 68-74.
111 Sepascosarian, H. (1972). Pflanzenspinnmilben und ihre wirtchaftliche Bedeutung im Iran.. Anz. Schadlingsk. D. Pflanzenschutz., 45 105-107.
112 Shanks 1984. (1984).
113 Siforova, T.A. and Gaznyan, N.V. (1975). Resistance of mites to acaricides (in Russian).. Zashch. Rast. (Mosc.), 9 52.
114 Van Leeuwen, Thomas, Tirry, Luc, and Nauen, Ralf. (2006). Complete maternal inheritance of bifenazate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Loch ( Acari: Tetranychidae) and its implications in mode of action considerations. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 36 869-877.
115 KiSu, A, K. GilHah, L. SoYoung, K. ChulSu, S. SangChul. (2004). Inheritance and stability of etoxazole resistance in twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and its cross resistance. Korean Journal of Applied Entomology, 43 43-48.
116 Sato, Mario E., Da Silva, Marcos Z., Raga, Adalton, and De Souza Filho, Miguel F. (2005). Abamectin Resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch ( Acari: Tetranychidae): Selection, Cross-Resistance and Stability of Resistance. Crop Protection, 34(6) 991-998.
117 Van Pottelberge, S., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., and Tirry, L. (2009). Genetic and biochemical analysis of a laboratory-selected spirodiclofen-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Management Science, 65 358-366.
118 Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
119 Khajehali, J., Van Leeuwen, T., Grispou, M., Morou, E., Alout, H., Weill, M., Tirry, L., Vontas, J., Tsagkarakou, A. (2010). Acetylcholinesterase point mutations in European strains of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistant to organophosphates. Pest Management Science, 66 220-228.
120 Gorman, K., Hewitt, F., Denholm, I., Devine, G.J. (2001). New Developments in insecticide resistance in the glasshouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) and the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) in the UK. Pest Management Science, 58 123-130.
121 Van Pottelberge, S., Van Leeuwen, T., Nauen, R., Tirry, L. (2008). Resistance mechanisms to mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors in a field-collected strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 99 22-31.
122 Sato, M.E., Miyata,T., Silva, M., Raga, A., Souza Filho, M.F. (2004). Slections for fenpyroximate resistance and susceptibility, and inheritance, cross-resistance and stability of fenpyroximate resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari:Tetranychidae). Applied Entomology and Zoology, 39 293-302.
123 Nicastro, R., Sato, M., Silva, M. (2009). Milbemectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): selection, stability and cross resistance to abamectin . Experimenal and Applied Acarology.
124 Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
125 Tsagkarakau, A., Leeuwent, T., Khajehali, J., llias, A., Grispou, M., Williamson, M., Tirry, L., and Vontas, J.,. (2009). Identification of pyrethroid resistance associated mutations in the para sodium channel of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Insect Molecular Biology, 18 583-593.
126 Ay, R., and Kara, F.E. (2011). Toxicity, inheritance of fenpyroximate resistance, and detoxification-enzyme levels in a laboratory-selected fenpyroximate-resistant strain of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Crop Protection, 30 605-610.
127 Ay, R., and Kara, F.E. (2011). Toxicity, inheritance and biochemistry of clofentezine resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Science, 18 503-511.
128 Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
129 Demaeght, P., Dermauw, W., Tsakireli, D., Khajehali, J., Nauen, R., Tirry, L., Vontas, J., Lummen, P., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2013). Molecular analysis of resistance to acaricidal spirocyclic tetronic acids in Tetranychus urticae: CYP392E10 metabolizes spirodiclofen, but not its corresponding enol. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 43 544-554.
130 Nicastro, R., Sato, M., Arthur, V., and Silva, M. (2013). Chlorfenapyr resistance in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae: stability, cross-resistance and monitoring of resistance. Phytoparasitica, 41 503-513.
131 Riga, M., Tsakireli, D., Ilias, A., Morou, E., Myridakis, A., Stephanou, E. G., Nauen, R., Dermauw, W., Van Leeuwen, T., Paine, M., and Vontas, J. (2014). Abamectin is metabolized by CYP392A16, a cytochrome P450 associated with high levels of acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46 43-53.
132 Demaeght, P., Osborne, J. E., Odman-Naresh, J., Grbic, M., Nauen, R., Merzendorfer, H., Clark M. R., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2014). High resolution genetic mapping uncovers chitin synthase-1 as the target-site of the structurally diverse mite growth inhibitors clofentezine, hexythiazox and etoxazole in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 51 55-61.
133 Abd El-Wahab, R.A., Bursic, V. (2014). Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Reduce Vertimec, Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Koch). International Journal of Chemical and Biological Studies, 1.
134 Sugimoto, N., Osakabe M. (2013). Cross-resistance between cyenopyrafen and pyridaben in the twospotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Trtranychidae). Pest Management Science, 70 1090-6.
135 Dr. Sibel Yorulmaz Salman and Elif Saritas. (2014). Acequinocyl resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae): inheritance, synergists, cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanisms. International Journal of Acarology, 40 428-435.
136 Seyed-Talebi, F., Kheradmand, K., Talaei-Hassanloui, R., and Talebi-Jahromi. (2014). Synergistic effect of Beauveria bassiana and spirodiclofen on the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Phytoparasitica, 42 405-412.
137 Zamani, P., Sajedi, R. H., Ghadamyari, M., and Memarizadeh, N. (2014). Resistance Mechanisms to Chlorpyrifos in Iranian Populations of the Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 16 277-289.
138 Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
139 Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
140 Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
141 Sato, M., Veronez, B., Stocco, R., Queiroz, M., and Gallego, R. (2016). Spiromesifen resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): Selection, stability, and monitoring. Crop Protection, 89 278-283.
142 Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
143 Naciye Sena Çağatay, Pauline Menault, Maria Riga, John Vontas, Recep Ay. (2018). Identification and characterization of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch populations from greenhouses in Turkey. Crop Protection, 112 112-117.
144 Assis, Carla & Guedes Correa Gondim Jr, Manoel & Siqueira, Herbert. (2017). Synergism to acaricides in resistant Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a predator of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae).. Crop Protection, 106 139-145.
145 Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
146 Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
147 Adesanya, A. W., Morales, M A., Walsh, D. B., Lavine, L. C., Lavine, M. D., and Zhu, F. (2018). Mechanisms of resistance to three mitegrowth inhibitors ofTetranychus urticaein hops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 108 1-12.
148 Xu, D., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Guo, Z., Xie, W., Zhoua, X., and Wang, S. (2021). Transcriptome profiling and functional analysis suggest that the constitutive overexpression of four cytochrome P450s confers resistance to abamectin in Tetranychus urticae from China. Pest Management Science, 77 1204-1213.
149 Papapostolou, K. M., Riga, M., Samantsidis, G. R., Skoufa, E., Balabanidou, V., Van Leeuwen, T., and Vontas, J. (2022). ver-expression in cis of the midgut P450 CYP392A16 contributes to abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae.. Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 142.
150 Wu, M., Zhang, Y., Tian, T., Xu, D., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2023). Assessment of the role of an ABCC transporter TuMRP1 in the toxicity of abamectin to Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 195 105543.

Location(s) Where Resistance is Reported

# Location
1 5 -- Argentina -- 4
2 7 -- Australia -- 4
3 8 -- Austria -- 4
4 14 -- Belgium -- 4
5 18 -- Brazil -- 4
6 19 -- Bulgaria -- 4
7 25 -- Canada -- 4
8 28 -- Chile -- 4
9 36 -- Czechoslovakia -- 4
10 38 -- Denmark -- 4
11 45 -- Egypt -- 4
12 52 -- Finland -- 4
13 53 -- France -- 4
14 57 -- Germany -- 4
15 60 -- Greece -- 4
16 72 -- Iran -- 4
17 76 -- Israel -- 4
18 77 -- Italy -- 4
19 79 -- Japan -- 4
20 82 -- Korea -- 4
21 84 -- Lebanon -- 4
22 99 -- Netherlands -- 4
23 103 -- New Zealand -- 4
24 107 -- Norway -- 4
25 114 -- Poland -- 4
26 128 -- South Africa -- 4
27 137 -- Sweden -- 4
28 138 -- Switzerland -- 4
29 141 -- Taiwan -- 4
30 150 -- Turkey -- 4
31 154 -- United Kingdom -- 4
32 157 -- USA -- 4
33 158 -- USSR -- 4
34 159 -- Venezuela -- 4
35 168 -- Zimbabwe -- 4
36 172 -- USA -- Indiana -- 4
37 173 -- USA -- New York -- 4
38 175 -- USA -- Louisiana -- 4
39 176 -- USA -- Arkansas -- 4
40 180 -- USA -- Michigan -- 4
41 182 -- USA -- California -- 4
42 183 -- USA -- Mississippi -- 4
43 185 -- Canada -- Ontario -- 4
44 186 -- USA -- Connecticut -- 4
45 188 -- USA -- New Jersey -- 4
46 190 -- USA -- Pennsylvania -- 4
47 192 -- USA -- Massachusetts -- 4
48 195 -- USA -- North Carolina -- 4
49 197 -- Australia -- Western Australia -- 4
50 199 -- Australia -- New South Wales -- 4
51 200 -- Australia -- Victoria -- 4
52 206 -- USA -- Washington -- Clarkston -- 4
53 208 -- USA -- Oregon -- 4
54 214 -- USA -- Ohio -- 4
55 218 -- Australia -- South Australia -- 4
56 219 -- Australia -- Tasmania -- 4
57 223 -- USA -- Wisconsin -- 4
58 229 -- USSR -- Tajik -- 4
59 232 -- USA -- Kansas -- 4
60 251 -- USA -- Eastern -- 4
61 269 -- United Kingdom -- Worcester -- 4
62 537 -- Korea -- lab selected -- 4
63 685 -- Belgium -- Ghent University -- 4
64 855 -- Korea -- Gyeonggi -- Incheon -- 4
65 856 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Chilgok -- 4
66 857 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Gumi -- 4
67 858 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Bonghwa -- 4
68 859 -- Korea -- Chungbuk -- Cheongju -- 4
69 860 -- Korea -- Chungbuk -- Jincheon -- 4
70 861 -- Korea -- Chungnam -- Daejeon -- 4
71 862 -- Korea -- Chungnam -- Buyeo -- 4
72 863 -- Korea -- Gyeongnam -- Geochang -- 4
73 864 -- Korea -- Jeonnam -- Gwangju -- 4
74 865 -- Korea -- Gyeongnam -- Haman -- 4
75 866 -- Korea -- Gyeongnam -- Masan -- 4
76 868 -- Korea -- Gangwon -- Wonju -- 4
77 869 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Yeongcheon -- 4
78 870 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Uiseong -- 4
79 871 -- Korea -- Chungbuk -- Chungju -- 4
80 872 -- Korea -- Jeonbuk -- Gochang -- 4
81 873 -- Korea -- Gyeongbuk -- Yeongju -- 4
82 874 -- Korea -- Jeonnam -- Gurye -- 4
83 877 -- Korea -- Gangwon -- Gangneung -- 4
84 882 -- Korea -- Jeonbuk -- Jeonju -- 4
85 993 -- Belgium -- East Flanders -- Ghent -- Rose Garden -- 4
86 1251 -- Korea -- Chungnam -- Buyo -- rose greenhouse -- 4
87 1257 -- Brazil -- São Paulo -- Atibaia county -- 4
88 2065 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- 4
89 2089 -- Netherlands -- Nieuwveen -- HOL1 -- 4
90 2090 -- Netherlands -- Hoek van Holland -- HOL1 -- 4
91 2091 -- Netherlands -- Hoek van Holland -- HOL2 -- 4
92 2092 -- Netherlands -- Tuil -- HOL4 -- 4
93 2093 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- BEL1 -- 4
94 2094 -- Belgium -- Brussels -- MR-VP -- 4
95 2645 -- Netherlands -- SAMB -- 4
96 2646 -- Germany -- Berlin -- GSS -- 4
97 2647 -- Germany -- Berlin -- WI -- 4
98 2648 -- Belgium -- MR-VL -- 4
99 2649 -- Greece -- Athens -- ATHRos-Pm -- 4
100 2709 -- United Kingdom -- Hampshire -- 4
101 2710 -- United Kingdom -- Warwickshire -- 4
102 2711 -- Belgium -- Brussels -- greenhouses at National Botanical Garden -- 4
103 2722 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Atibaia -- commercial strawberry field -- 4
104 2916 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- 4
105 3030 -- Turkey -- Antalya -- 4
106 5242 -- Greece -- Crete -- 4
107 5247 -- Greece -- Athens -- 4
108 5329 -- Turkey -- Antalya -- 4
109 5638 -- Turkey -- Antalya -- Kumluca -- 4
110 5784 -- Cyprus -- Kellaki -- 4
111 5785 -- Cyprus -- Xylofagou -- 4
112 5786 -- Cyprus -- Kiti -- 4
113 5787 -- Cyprus -- Argaka -- 4
114 5788 -- Cyprus -- Arediou -- 4
115 6399 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- 4
116 6401 -- Belgium -- East Flanders -- Ghent -- 4
117 6403 -- Belgium -- East Flanders -- Ghent -- 4
118 6406 -- Belgium -- East Flanders -- Ghent -- 4
119 6409 -- Belgium -- East Flanders -- Ghent -- 4
120 6486 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Campinas -- 4
121 6862 -- Greece -- Athens -- 4
122 8759 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- 4
123 8761 -- Greece -- Athens -- 4
124 8762 -- Greece -- Athens -- 4
125 8763 -- Greece -- Athens -- 4
126 8774 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
127 8775 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
128 8973 -- Egypt -- Plant Protection Research Institute -- 4
129 8979 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
130 8980 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
131 8981 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
132 8982 -- Japan -- Nara -- Heguri -- 4
133 9115 -- Turkey -- 4
134 9116 -- Turkey -- 4
135 9117 -- Turkey -- 4
136 9259 -- Iran -- Alborz -- Karaj -- 4
137 9260 -- Iran -- Alborz -- Karaji -- 4
138 9275 -- Iran -- Isfahan -- 4
139 9660 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
140 9661 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
141 9662 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
142 9663 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
143 9664 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
144 9665 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
145 9666 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
146 9667 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
147 9668 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
148 9669 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
149 9670 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
150 9671 -- China -- Shandong -- Tai'an -- 4
151 9672 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
152 9673 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
153 9674 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
154 9675 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
155 9676 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
156 9677 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
157 9678 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
158 9679 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
159 9680 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
160 9681 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
161 9682 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
162 9683 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
163 9684 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
164 9685 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
165 9686 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
166 9687 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
167 9688 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
168 9689 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
169 9690 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
170 9691 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
171 9692 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
172 9693 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
173 9694 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
174 9695 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
175 9696 -- China -- Beijing -- Huairou -- 4
176 9697 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
177 9698 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
178 9699 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
179 9847 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- 4
180 9848 -- Belgium -- Ghent -- 4
181 10427 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
182 10428 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
183 10429 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
184 10430 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
185 10431 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
186 10432 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
187 10433 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
188 10434 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
189 10435 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Piracicaba -- 4
190 11175 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Petrolina -- 4
191 11176 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Gravata -- 4
192 11177 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Goiania -- 4
193 11178 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
194 11179 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
195 11180 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
196 11181 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
197 11182 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
198 11183 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
199 11184 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
200 11185 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
201 11186 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
202 11187 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
203 11188 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
204 11189 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
205 11190 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
206 11191 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
207 11192 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Bonito -- 4
208 11193 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Brejao -- 4
209 11954 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Artur Nogueira -- 4
210 11955 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Artur Nogueira -- 4
211 11956 -- Brazil -- Sao Paulo -- Holambra -- 4
212 12518 -- China -- Heilongjiang -- Harbin -- 4
213 12519 -- China -- Heilongjiang -- Harbin -- 4
214 12520 -- China -- Heilongjiang -- Harbin -- 4
215 12521 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
216 12522 -- China -- Beijing -- Miyun -- 4
217 12527 -- China -- Beijing -- Shunyi -- 4
218 12529 -- China -- Beijing -- Shunyi -- 4
219 12531 -- China -- Beijing -- Changping -- 4
220 12532 -- China -- Beijing -- Haidian -- 4
221 12534 -- China -- Zhejiang -- Ningbo -- 4
222 12535 -- China -- Hainan -- Jiyang -- 4
223 12588 -- Turkey -- Mugla -- Fethiye -- 4
224 12589 -- Turkey -- Mugla -- Fethiye -- 4
225 12590 -- Turkey -- Antalya -- 4
226 12706 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Petrolina -- 4
227 12707 -- Brazil -- Pernambuco -- Petrolina -- 4
228 12893 -- Italy -- 4
229 12894 -- United Kingdom -- 4
230 12895 -- Spain -- 4
231 12896 -- Belgium -- 4
232 12897 -- United Kingdom -- 4
233 12898 -- Italy -- 4
234 12899 -- Italy -- 4
235 12900 -- United Kingdom -- 4
236 12901 -- Spain -- 4
237 13074 -- United Kingdom -- Essex -- Nazeing -- 4
238 13075 -- Italy -- Ragusa -- Comiso -- 4
239 13076 -- United Kingdom -- Vittoria -- 4
240 13077 -- Spain -- Sevilla -- 4
241 13078 -- Belgium -- Flemish -- Merelbeke -- 4
242 13079 -- United Kingdom -- Worcestershire -- 4
243 13081 -- Italy -- Scicily -- Granieri -- 4
244 13082 -- Italy -- Ragusa -- Comiso -- 4
245 13083 -- United Kingdom -- Double Yew Nursery -- 4
246 13084 -- Spain -- Sevilla -- 4
247 13085 -- Belgium -- Flemish -- Merelbeke -- 4
248 13086 -- United Kingdom -- Worcestershire -- 4
249 13087 -- Italy -- Scicily -- Vittoria -- 4
250 13088 -- Spain -- Lugo -- Monforte de Lemos -- 4
251 13089 -- Netherlands -- Limburg -- Meterik -- 4
252 13091 -- Netherlands -- Limburg -- Meterik -- 4
253 13092 -- Italy -- Scicily -- Granieri -- 4
254 13095 -- United Kingdom -- Nazeing -- 4
255 13096 -- Italy -- Scicily -- Granieri -- 4
256 13137 -- USA -- Washington -- Prosser -- Yakima Valley -- 4
257 13138 -- USA -- Washington -- Prosser -- Yakima Valley -- 4
258 13139 -- USA -- Washington -- Prosser -- Yakima Valley -- 4
259 13140 -- USA -- Washington -- Prosser -- Yakima Valley -- 4
260 13416 -- China -- Zhejiang -- Ningbo -- 4
261 13417 -- China -- Beijing -- Shunyi -- 4
262 14025 -- Greece -- 4
263 14543 -- China -- Shanghai -- Qingpu -- 4

Other Reference

Google Search for tetranychus urticae


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