APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director

Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: culex quinquefasciatus

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	culicidae	southern house mosquito	MED

Active Ingredient: malathion

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 121755	Shaugnessy Code: 57701

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G14841	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Malaysia-- Malacca-- Central Malacca	Low, V. L., Chen, C. D., Lee, H. L., Lim, P. E., Leong, C. S., and Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013). Current Susceptibility Status of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus (DIptera: Culcidae) Against DDT, Propoxur, Malathion, and Permethrin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 103-111.
G14840	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Malaysia-- Negeri Sembilan-- Senawang	Low, V. L., Chen, C. D., Lee, H. L., Lim, P. E., Leong, C. S., and Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013). Current Susceptibility Status of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus (DIptera: Culcidae) Against DDT, Propoxur, Malathion, and Permethrin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 103-111.
G14839	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Malaysia-- Kuala Lumpur-- Kepong	Low, V. L., Chen, C. D., Lee, H. L., Lim, P. E., Leong, C. S., and Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013). Current Susceptibility Status of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus (DIptera: Culcidae) Against DDT, Propoxur, Malathion, and Permethrin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 103-111.
G14835	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Malaysia-- Penang-- Bayan Lepas	Low, V. L., Chen, C. D., Lee, H. L., Lim, P. E., Leong, C. S., and Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013). Current Susceptibility Status of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus (DIptera: Culcidae) Against DDT, Propoxur, Malathion, and Permethrin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 103-111.
G14827	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Malaysia-- Selangor-- Shah Alam	Low, V. L., Chen, C. D., Lee, H. L., Lim, P. E., Leong, C. S., and Sofian-Azirun, M. (2013). Current Susceptibility Status of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus (DIptera: Culcidae) Against DDT, Propoxur, Malathion, and Permethrin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50 103-111.
G9771	2005	Lab selected*	Thailand-- Kuala Lumpur-- Kuala Lumpur	Selvi, S., Edah, M.A., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Azahari, A.H. (2005). Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to cross-resistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine, 22 103-113.
G9769	2005	Lab selected*	Thailand-- Kuala Lumpur-- Kuala Lumpur	Selvi, S., Edah, M.A., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Azahari, A.H. (2005). Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to cross-resistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine, 22 103-113.
G5175	1990	Field Evolved Resistance	Cuba	Bisset, J.A., M.M. Rodriguez, C. Diaz, E. Ortiz, M.C., Marquetti, and J. Hemingway. (1990). The Mechanisms of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80 245-250.
G5172	1990	Field Evolved Resistance	Cuba	Bisset, J.A., M.M. Rodriguez, C. Diaz, E. Ortiz, M.C., Marquetti, and J. Hemingway. (1990). The Mechanisms of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80 245-250.
G4651	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana	Georghiou et al. (1986).
G4657	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Tanzania	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4656	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Texas	Georghiou et al. (1986).
G4654	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Sri Lanka	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4653	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Singapore	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4652	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan	Georghiou et al. (1986).
G4650	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Georgia-- Ashburn	Georghiou et al. (1986).
G4649	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Florida	Georghiou et al. (1986).
G4648	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Djibouti	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4647	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Japan	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4646	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	China	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4645	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Bangladesh	WHO 1986. (1986).
G4644	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia	WHO 1986. (1986).
G3796	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Vietnam	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3795	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Taiwan	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3794	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Madagascar	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3793	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Kenya	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3792	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Guinea	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3791	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Cameroon	WHO 1980. (1980).
G2748	1975	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- California	Georghiou et al. 1975. (1975).
G1391	1968	Field Evolved Resistance	Japan	Pennington, N. E. (1968). Resistance of Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Culex quinquefasciatus to malathion on Okinawa with notes on susceptibility to other insecticides.. Mosq. News, 28 193-98.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.

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