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APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director


Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: pediculus humanus humanus

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
phthiraptera pediculidae human body louse MED humans

Active Ingredient: BHC/cyclodienes - Unspecified In Literature

MOA: GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, Cyclodiene organochlorines
Group: CYCLO CAS #: 0 Shaugnessy Code: 0

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id Year of Report Type of Resistance Location Reference
G4765 1986 Field Evolved Resistance
Uganda WHO 1986. (1986).
G3872 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Yugoslavia WHO 1980. (1980).
G3871 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Hong Kong WHO 1980. (1980).
G3870 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Syria WHO 1980. (1980).
G3868 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Nigeria WHO 1980. (1980).
G3867 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Senegal WHO 1980. (1980).
G3866 1980 Field Evolved Resistance
Sierra Leone WHO 1980. (1980).
G3472 1978 Field Evolved Resistance
Netherlands Blommers, L. and van Lennep, M. (1978). Head lice in The Netherlands: susceptibility for insecticides in field sample.. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 25 243-51.
G3248 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Turkey WHO 1976. (1976).
G3250 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
West Africa WHO 1976. (1976).
G3249 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Tanzania WHO 1976. (1976).
G3245 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Japan WHO 1976. (1976).
G3244 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Egypt WHO 1976. (1976).
G3243 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
France WHO 1976. (1976).
G3242 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Iran WHO 1976. (1976).
G3241 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
South Korea WHO 1976. (1976).
G3240 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
Sudan WHO 1976. (1976).
G3239 1976 Field Evolved Resistance
India WHO 1976. (1976).
G2146 1973 Field Evolved Resistance
Burundi Cole, M. M., Clark, P. H., Washington, F., Ellerbe, W. and Van Natta, D. L. (1973). Resistance to malathion in a strain of body lice from Burundi.. J. Econ. Entomol., 66 118-19.
G1893 1971 Field Evolved Resistance
South Africa Brown, A. W. A. (1971). Pest resistance to pesticides.. In: ""Pesticides in the Enviroment,"" ed. White-Stevens,, 1 457-552.
G1901 1971 Field Evolved Resistance
United Kingdom Maunder, J. W. (1971). Resistance to organochlorine insecticides in head lice and trials using alternative comounds.. Med. Officer No., 125 27-29.
*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.