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APRD Survey

Dear Users:

We value your contribution to and use of the Arthropod Pesticide Resistance Database (APRD).

The APRD Team is conducting a Survey to gauge users experiences, our objective is to determine how the database enhances research, and to allow for users to provide feedback, suggestions and requests for potential improvements. Please take the anonymous survey using this link: Link to Survey

Thank you for your Participation,
David Mota-Sanchez
Arthropod Resistance Database Director


Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: tetranychus urticae

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
acari tetranychidae twospotted spider mite AG cotton, fruits, vegetables, walnut, ornamentals

Active Ingredient: abamectin

MOA: Chloride channel activators, Avermectins, Milbemycins
Group: ABM CAS #: 71751412 Shaugnessy Code: 122804

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id Year of Report Type of Resistance Location Reference
G22015 2023 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Shanghai--
Qingpu
Wu, M., Zhang, Y., Tian, T., Xu, D., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2023). Assessment of the role of an ABCC transporter TuMRP1 in the toxicity of abamectin to Tetranychus urticae. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 195 105543.
G21496 2022
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Greece Papapostolou, K. M., Riga, M., Samantsidis, G. R., Skoufa, E., Balabanidou, V., Van Leeuwen, T., and Vontas, J. (2022). ver-expression in cis of the midgut P450 CYP392A16 contributes to abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae.. Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 142.
G20370 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Italy Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20371 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
United Kingdom Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20372 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Spain Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20567 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Italy--
Scicily--
Granieri
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20609 2018
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

USA--
Washington --
Prosser
Adesanya, A. W., Morales, M A., Walsh, D. B., Lavine, L. C., Lavine, M. D., and Zhu, F. (2018). Mechanisms of resistance to three mitegrowth inhibitors ofTetranychus urticaein hops. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 108 1-12.
G20554 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
United Kingdom--
Double Yew Nursery
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20556 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Belgium--
Flemish--
Merelbeke
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20558 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Italy--
Scicily--
Vittoria
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20559 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Spain--
Lugo--
Monforte de Lemos
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20562 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Netherlands--
Limburg--
Meterik
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20560 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Netherlands--
Limburg--
Meterik
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20006 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Hainan--
Jiyang
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G20005 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Zhejiang--
Ningbo
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G20003 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Haidian
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G20002 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Changping
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G19998 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Shunyi
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G19992 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Miyun
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G19989 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Heilongjiang--
Harbin
Xu, D., He,Y., Zhang, Y., Xie, W., Wu, Q. and Wang, S. (2018). Status of pesticide resistance and associated mutations in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, in China. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 150 89-96.
G20888 2021 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Shunyi
Xu, D., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Guo, Z., Xie, W., Zhoua, X., and Wang, S. (2021). Transcriptome profiling and functional analysis suggest that the constitutive overexpression of four cytochrome P450s confers resistance to abamectin in Tetranychus urticae from China. Pest Management Science, 77 1204-1213.
G20887 2021 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Zhejiang--
Ningbo
Xu, D., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Guo, Z., Xie, W., Zhoua, X., and Wang, S. (2021). Transcriptome profiling and functional analysis suggest that the constitutive overexpression of four cytochrome P450s confers resistance to abamectin in Tetranychus urticae from China. Pest Management Science, 77 1204-1213.
G20553 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Italy--
Ragusa--
Comiso
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20566 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
United Kingdom--
Nazeing
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20555 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Spain--
Sevilla
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20563 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
Italy--
Scicily--
Granieri
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20557 2020 Field Evolved Resistance
United Kingdom--
Worcestershire
Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20061 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
Turkey--
Antalya
Naciye Sena Çağatay, Pauline Menault, Maria Riga, John Vontas, Recep Ay. (2018). Identification and characterization of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch populations from greenhouses in Turkey. Crop Protection, 112 112-117.
G20060 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
Turkey--
Mugla--
Fethiye
Naciye Sena Çağatay, Pauline Menault, Maria Riga, John Vontas, Recep Ay. (2018). Identification and characterization of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch populations from greenhouses in Turkey. Crop Protection, 112 112-117.
G20059 2018 Field Evolved Resistance
Turkey--
Mugla--
Fethiye
Naciye Sena Çağatay, Pauline Menault, Maria Riga, John Vontas, Recep Ay. (2018). Identification and characterization of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch populations from greenhouses in Turkey. Crop Protection, 112 112-117.
G18631 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Bonito
Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G18630 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Brejao
Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G18629 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Goiania
Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G18628 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Gravata
Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G18627 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Petrolina
Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G17148 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Changping
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17149 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Miyun
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17131 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Changping
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17125 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Miyun
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17124 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Changping
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17884 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17885 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G16059 2014
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Greece--
Athens
Riga, M., Tsakireli, D., Ilias, A., Morou, E., Myridakis, A., Stephanou, E. G., Nauen, R., Dermauw, W., Van Leeuwen, T., Paine, M., and Vontas, J. (2014). Abamectin is metabolized by CYP392A16, a cytochrome P450 associated with high levels of acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46 43-53.
G16424 2014
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Egypt Abd El-Wahab, R.A., Bursic, V. (2014). Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Reduce Vertimec, Resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Koch). International Journal of Chemical and Biological Studies, 1.
G17123 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Huairou
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17126 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Haidian
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17130 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Huairou
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17132 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Miyun
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17133 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Haidian
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17147 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Huairou
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17878 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17879 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17880 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17881 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17882 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17883 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G17150 2014 Field Evolved Resistance
China--
Beijing--
Haidian
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17886 2015 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Sao Paulo--
Piracicaba
Monteiro, V., Godim Jr., M., Oliveira, J., Siqueira, H., and Sousa, J. (2015). Monitoring Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) resistance to abamectin in vineyards in the Lower Middle Sao Francisco Valley. Crop Protection, 69 90-96.
G15082 2013 Field Evolved Resistance
Cyprus--
Kiti
Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G15083 2013 Field Evolved Resistance
Cyprus--
Argaka
Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G15080 2013 Field Evolved Resistance
Cyprus--
Kellaki
Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G15081 2013 Field Evolved Resistance
Cyprus--
Xylofagou
Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G15084 2013 Field Evolved Resistance
Cyprus--
Arediou
Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G16214 2014
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Greece--
Athens
Riga, M., Tsakireli, D., Ilias, A., Morou, E., Myridakis, A., Stephanou, E. G., Nauen, R., Dermauw, W., Van Leeuwen, T., Paine, M., and Vontas, J. (2014). Abamectin is metabolized by CYP392A16, a cytochrome P450 associated with high levels of acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 46 43-53.
G17111 2014
Lab selected*

China--
Shandong--
Tai'an
Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G20177 2017 Field Evolved Resistance
Brazil--
Pernambuco--
Petrolina
Assis, Carla & Guedes Correa Gondim Jr, Manoel & Siqueira, Herbert. (2017). Synergism to acaricides in resistant Neoseiulus californicus (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a predator of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae).. Crop Protection, 106 139-145.
G10941 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10949 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10948 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10947 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10946 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10945 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10944 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G10943 2009
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Turkey--
Antalya
Yorulmaz, S., Ay, R. (2009). Multiple resistance, detoxifying enzyme activity, and inheritance of abamectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acarina: Tetranychidae). Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 33 393-402.
G6606 2001 Unspecified
Brazil Nauen, R., N. Stumpf, A. Elbert, C.P.W. Zebitz, and W. Kraus. (2001). Acaricide toxicity and resistance in larvae of different strains of Tetranychus urticae and Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae). Pest Manag Sci, 57 253-261.
G7783 2005
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**

Brazil--
São Paulo--
Atibaia county
Sato, Mario E., Da Silva, Marcos Z., Raga, Adalton, and De Souza Filho, Miguel F. (2005). Abamectin Resistance in Tetranychus urticae Koch ( Acari: Tetranychidae): Selection, Cross-Resistance and Stability of Resistance. Crop Protection, 34(6) 991-998.
G5948 1998 Unspecified
USA--
Washington
Beers, E.H., H. Riedl, and J.E. Dunley. (1998). Resistance to Abamectin and Reversion to susceptibility to Fenbutatin Oxide in Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations in the pacific northwest. Journal of Economic Entomology, 91(2) 352-360.
*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.