Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: helicoverpa armigera

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cotton bollworm	AG	cotton, corn, sorghum, tomato

Active Ingredient: bifenthrin

MOA:	Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group:	PYR CAS #: 82657043 Shaugnessy Code: 128825

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Location	Reference
	2007	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2007	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2007	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2007	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2007	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2006	Australia -- New South Wales and Queensland	Gunning, R. V., Moores, G. D., Jewess, P., Boyes, A. L., Devonshire, A. L., and Khambay, B. P. S. (2007). Use of pyrethroid analogues to identify key structural features for enhanced esterase resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Management Science, 63, 569-575.
	2006	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2006	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2006	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2006	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2006	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2005	Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159-167.
	2005	China -- lab selected	Yang, E., Yang, Y., Wu, S., Wu, Y. (2005). Relative contribution of detoxifying enzymes to pyrethroid resistance in a resistant strain of Helicoverpa armigera. Journal of Applied Entomology, 129 (9/10), 521-525.
	2002	West Africa -- Bouake	Martin, T., G.O. Ochou, M. Vaissayre, and D. Fournier. (2002). Positive and negative cross-resistance to pyrethroids in Helicoverpa armigera from West Africa. Resistant Pest Management Newsletter, 12(1), 16-19.
	2002	Spain -- Extremadura -- Olivenza	Torres-Vila, L.M., M.C. Rodriquez-Molina, A. Lacasa-Plasencia, P. Bielza-Lino, and A. Rodriguez-del-Rincon. (2002). Pyrethroid resistance of Helicoverpa armigera in Spain: current status and agroecological perspective. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 93, 55-66.
	1997	Pakistan	Ahmad, M., M.I. Arif, and M.R. Attique. (1997). Pyrethroid resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Nocutuidae) in Pakistan. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 87, 343-347.
	1997	Benin -- North Region -- Angaradebou	Djihinto, A.C., Katary, A., Prudent, P., Vassal, J.M., Vaissayre, M. (2009). Variation in Resistance to Pyrethoids in Helicoverpa armigera From Benin Republic, West Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology, 5, 1928-1934.