Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: helicoverpa armigera

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cotton bollworm	AG	cotton, corn, sorghum, tomato

Active Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis MVP II

MOA:	Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus thuringiensis var.inhibitors kurstaki
Group:	BAC CAS #: n/a Shaugnessy Code: n/a

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Location	Reference
	2003	Australia	Akhurst, R. J., W. James, L. Bird, and C. Beard. (2003). Resistance to the Cry1Ac endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in the Cottom Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 96(4), 1290-1299.
	2003	Australia	Akhurst, R. J., W. James, L. Bird, and C. Beard. (2003). Resistance to the Cry1Ac endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis in the Cottom Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 96(4), 1290-1299.
	2002	Australia	Cooke, L.R. (2002). Evidence of shift in susceptibility of Bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin Cry1Ac in Australia Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Resistance Pest Management Newsletter, 11(2), 44-48.
	1991	China -- Henan -- Yanshi City	Fengxia, M., J. Shen, W. Zhou, and H. Cen. (2003). Long-term selection for resistance to transgenic cotton expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxin in helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Managment Science, 60, 167-172.