Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: plutella xylostella

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	plutellidae	diamond-back moth	AG	crucifers, nasturtium

Active Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

MOA:	Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus thuringiensis var.inhibitors kurstaki
Group:	BAC CAS #: n/a Shaugnessy Code: 6402

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Location	Reference
	2006	China -- Guangdong -- Guangzhou	Wang, L., Li, X.-F., Zhang, J., Zhao, J.-Z., Wu, Q.-J., Xu, B., and Zhang, Y.-J. (2007). Monitoring of resistance for the diamondback moth to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac and Cry1Ba toxins and a Bt commercial formulation. Journal of Applied Entomology, 131(7), 441-446.
	2002	Malaysia -- Cameron Highlands	Sayyed, A.H., D. Omar, and D.J. Wright. (2004). Genetics of Spinosad resistance in a multi-resistant field-selected population of Plutella xyostella. Pest Managment Science, 60, 827-832.
	2000	USA -- California -- Santa Maria	Shelton, A.M., F.V. Sances, J. Hawley, J.D. Tang, M. Boune, D. Jungers, H.L. Collins, and J. Farias. (2000). Assessment of insecticide resistance after the outbreak of Diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in California in 1997. J. Econ. Entomol., 93(3), 931-936.
	1997	Honduras	Perez, C.J., A.M. Shelton, and R.T. Roush. (1997). Managing Diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Resistance to Foliar Applications of Bacillus thuringiensis Testing Strategies in Field Cages. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90(5), 1462-1470.
	1996	Thailand	Perez, C.J., and A.M. Shelton. (1996). Field Applications, Leaf Dip, and Diet Incorporated Diagnostic Assays used against Bacillus thuringiensis-Susceptible and resistant diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 89(6), 1364-1371.
	1996	Honduras	Perez, C.J., and A.M. Shelton. (1996). Field Applications, Leaf Dip, and Diet Incorporated Diagnostic Assays used against Bacillus thuringiensis-Susceptible and resistant diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 89(6), 1364-1371.
	1996	USA	Perez, C.J., and A.M. Shelton. (1996). Field Applications, Leaf Dip, and Diet Incorporated Diagnostic Assays used against Bacillus thuringiensis-Susceptible and resistant diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 89(6), 1364-1371.
	1993	USA	Shelton, A.M., J.L. Robertson, J.D. Tang, C. Perez, S.D. Eigenbrode, H.K. Preisler, W.T. Wilsey, and R.J. Cooley. (1993). Resistance of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Subspecies in the Field. Journal of Economic Entomology, 86(3), 697-705.
	1992	Japan	Hen, H., K. Suzuki, and H. Tanaka,. (1992). Inheritance and Stability of Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Formulations of the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostells (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae)1. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 27(3), 355-362.
	1991	Philippines	Ferre, J., M.D. Real, J. Van Rie, S. Jansens, and M. Peferoen. (1991). Resistance to the Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide in a field population of Plutella xylostella is due to a change in a midgut membrane receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, U.S.A., 88, 5119-5123.
	1991	USA -- Hawaii	Tabashnik, B.E., N. Finson, and M.W. Johnson. (1991). Managing Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis: Lessons from the Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(1), 49-55.