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culex quinquefasciatus

Profile

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
diptera culicidae southern house mosquito MED

Shown Resistance to Active Ingredient(s)

  1. BHC/cyclodienes - Unspecified In Literature
  2. Bacillus sphaericus
  3. Bacillus sphaericus 1593
  4. Bacillus sphaericus 2297
  5. Bacillus sphaericus 2362
  6. Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis
  7. Carbamates - Unspecified in Literature
  8. CryIIB
  9. DDT
  10. Organophosphates - Unspecified In Literature
  11. Pyrethroids - Unspecified In Literature
  12. carbosulfan
  13. chlorfenvinphos
  14. chlorphoxim
  15. chlorpyrifos
  16. chlorpyrifos-methyl
  17. deltamethrin
  18. diazinon
  19. fenitrothion
  20. fenthion
  21. imidacloprid
  22. malathion
  23. methidathion
  24. parathion
  25. parathion-methyl
  26. permethrin
  27. phoxim
  28. pirimiphos-methyl
  29. propoxur
  30. resmethrin
  31. temephos
  32. trichlorfon

Citation(s) of Resistance

  1. Wirth, M.C., and G.P. Georghiou. (1997). Cross Resistance Among CryIV Toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Israelensis in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culcidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 90(6), 1471-1477.
  2. Rodcharoen, J., and M.S. Mulla. (1994). Resistance Development in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Bacillus sphaericus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 87(5), 1133-1140.
  3. Silva-Filha, M.H., L. Regis, C.Nielsen-Leroux, and J.F. Charles. (1995). Low level Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field treated population of culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(3), 525-530.
  4. Peiris, H.T.R., and J. Hemingway. (1990). Temephos resistance and the associated cross-resistance spectrum in a strain of culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) from Peliyagoda, Sri Lanka. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80, 49-55.
  5. Bisset, J.A., M.M. Rodriguez, C. Diaz, E. Ortiz, M.C., Marquetti, and J. Hemingway. (1990). The Mechanisms of organophosphate and carbamate resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Cuba. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80, 245-250.
  6. Peiris, H.T.R., and J. Hemingway. (1990). Mechanisms of insecticide resistance in a temephos selected Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) strain from Sri Lanka. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 80, 453-457.
  7. Rao, D.R., T.R. Mani, R. Ragendran, A.S. Joseph, A. Gajanana, and R. Reuben. (1995). Development of a High Level of Resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a Field Population of Culex Quinquefasciatus from Kochi, India. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 11(1), 1-5.
  8. Wirth, M.C., G.P. Georghiou, J.I. Malik, and G.H. Abro. (2000). Laboratory selection for resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from California, USA. J. Med. Entomol., 37(4), 534-540.
  9. Chandre, F., F. Darriet, M. Darder, A. Cuany, J.M.C. Doannio, N. Pasteuer, and P. Guillet. (1998). Pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus from West Africa. Medical and Veterinary Entomology, 12, 359-366.
  10. Wirth, M.C., A. Delecluse, and W.E. Walton. (2004). Laboratory Selection for Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. jegathesan or a Component Toxin, Cry11B, in Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(3), 435-441.
  11. Liu, H., E.W. Cupp, K.M. Micher, A. Guo, and N. Liu. (2004). Insecticide Resistance and Cross-Resistance in Alabama and Florida Strains of Culex quinquefaciatus. Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(3), 408-413.
  12. Su, T., Mulla, M.S. (2004). Documentation of High-level Bacillus sphaericus 2362 Resistance in Field Populations of Culex quinquefasciatus breeding in Polluted Water in Thailand. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 20(4), 405-411.
  13. Liu, H., Xu, Q., Zhang, L., Liu, N. (2005). Chlorpyrifos Resistance in Mosquito Cules quiquefasciatus. Journal of Medical Entomology, 42(5), 815-820.
  14. Hamon, J. and Mouchet, J. (1961). La resistance aux insecticides chez les insectes d\'importance medicale. Methods d\'etude et stiuation en Afrique au sud du Sahara. Med. Trop., 21, 565-96.
  15. Acosta, M. (1961). Resistencia fisiologica del Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedmann, 1828, a los insecticidas. Rev. Med. Peru., 30, 330.
  16. Amin, A. M. and Hemingway, J. (1989). Preliminary investigation of the mechanisms of DDT and pyrethroid resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) from Saudi Arabia. Bull. Ent. Res., 79, 361-366.
  17. Brown, A. W. A. (1971). Pest resistance to pesticides. In: \"\"Pesticides in the Enviroment,\"\" ed. White-Stevens,, 1, 457-552.
  18. Chauvet, G. (1962). Sensibilite comparee aux insecticides chlores et organophosphores de larves et adultes de Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann dans la region de Tananarive. Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 55, 1156-62.
  19. Chin, C. (1979). Insect toxicology and insect pathology in the People\'s Republic of China. Acta Entomol. Sin., 22, 249-56.
  20. Correa, R. R. (1962). Provas biologicas e de susceptibilidade realizadas no estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil, para medir a resistencia dos mosquitos ao DDT e ao dieldrin. Arch. Hig. (S. Paulo)., 27, 341-52.
  21. Curtis, C. F., and Pasteur, N. (1981). Organophosphate resistance in vector populations of the complex of Culex pipiends L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Bull. Ent. Res., 71, 153-61.
  22. Duran, M. and Stevenson, H. R. (1983). Insecticide resistance in adult Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes from Olongapo City, Phillipines. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Pub. Hlth., 14, 403-06.
  23. Georghiou, G. P., Metcalf, R. L. and Gidden, F. E. (1966). Carbamate resistance in mosquitoes. Selection of Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann (= Cx. Quinquefasciatus Say) for resistance to Baygon. Bull. WHO., 35, 691-708.
  24. no entry in FAO bibliography.
  25. Georghiou, G. P., Ariaratnam V., Pastenak, M.E. and Lin, C. S. (1975). Organophosphorus multi-resistance in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in California. J. Econ. Entomol., 68, 461-67.
  26. Gjullen, C. M. and Peters, R. F. (1952). Recent studies of mosquito resistance to insecticides in California. Mosq. News, 12, 1-7.
  27. Hooper, G. H. S. (1966). An insecticide susceptibility study of Culex pipiens fatigans in Australia. Mosq. News., 26, 552-57.
  28. Hooper, G.H.S. (1968). In: FAO 1969.
  29. Lari, F.A. (1962). In: Brown 1971.
  30. Majori, G., Sabatinelli, G., Vilani, F. and Petrazca, V. (1986). Studies on insecticide susceptibility of Anoopheles gambiae s.I. And Culex quinauefasciatus in the area of Ouagodougou, Burkina Faso (West Africa). J. Amer. Mosq. Control Assoc., 2, 305-09.
  31. Magnin, M., E. Marboutin, and N. Pasteur. (1988). Insecticide and the resistance problem in apple and pear orchards in South Australia. Dep. Agric.. S. Aust. Tech. Bull., 30: pp.8
  32. Micks, D. W., Cox, W. M. and McNeill, J. C. (1961). The status of insecticide resistance in some mosquito species of Texas. Mosq. News, 21, 229-32.
  33. Omardeen, T. A. (1961). Susceptibility test in Trinidad with Anopheles aquasalis Curry, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann, using the standard WHO mosquito adult test kit. Bull. WHO, 24, 459-507.
  34. Pennington, N. E. (1968). Resistance of Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Culex quinquefasciatus to malathion on Okinawa with notes on susceptibility to other insecticides. Mosq. News, 28, 193-98.
  35. Shidrawi, G.R. (1980). Impact of pesticide resistance on disease prevention and control in Eastern Mediterranean countries. WHO unpublished document VBC/EC/80.15.
  36. Thomas, T. C. A. 1963. In: Brown 1971.
  37. WHO 1966a. Summary of test reported to ME/RTI from 1 March 1966 to 31 August 1966, showing abnormal physiological responses of anophelines to insecticides. WHO Inf. Circ. Insecticide Resistance 58 & 59:9-11.
  38. WHO 1970. Insecticide resistance and vector control. 17th Rep. Of the WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides. Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 443, 279 pp.
  39. WHO 1976. Resistance of vectors and reservoirs of diesease to pesticides. 22nd Rep. WHO Expert Committee on Insecticides. Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 585, 88 pp.
  40. WHO 1980. Resistance of vectors of disease to pesticides. Fifth Rep. WHO Expert Committee on Vector Biology and Control. Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 655, 82 pp.
  41. WHO 1986. Resistance of vectors and reservoirs of disease to pesticides. Tenth report of the WHO Expert Comminttee on Vector Biology and Control. Tech. Rep. Ser. No. 737, 87 pp.
  42. Wu, N. and Djou, D. 1964. In: Brown 1971.
  43. Anon. (1962). Army Environ. Hlth. Agency. In: Brown, 1971.
  44. Omardeen, T. A. (1961). Resistance to dieldrin in Anopheles in Trinidad. Nature (Lond.), 190, 559-60.
  45. no entry in FAO bibliography.
  46. Thanispong, K., Sathantriphop, S., Chareonviriyaphap, T. (2008). Insecticide resistance of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Pesticide Science, 33, 351-356.
  47. Liu, N., Xu, Q., Li, T., He, L., Zhang, L. (2009). Permethrin Resistance and Target Site Insensitivity in the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in Alabama. Journal of Medical Entomology, 46, 1424-1429.
  48. Selvi, S., Edah, M.A., Nazni, W.A., Lee, H.L., Azahari, A.H. (2005). Resistance development and insecticide susceptibility in Culex quinquefasciatus against selection pressure of malathion and permethrin and its relationship to cross-resistance towards propoxur. Tropical Biomedicine, 22, 103-113.

Location(s) Where Resistance is Reported

  1. Australia
  2. Bangladesh
  3. Brazil
  4. Burkina Faso
  5. Burma
  6. Cameroon
  7. China
  8. Cote d'Ivoire
  9. Cuba
  10. Djibouti
  11. Egypt
  12. Guinea
  13. India
  14. Japan
  15. Kenya
  16. Liberia
  17. Madagascar
  18. Malaysia
  19. Maldives
  20. Mali
  21. Mauritania
  22. Niger
  23. Pakistan
  24. Panama
  25. Peru
  26. Philippines
  27. Puerto Rico
  28. Reunion
  29. Saudi Arabia
  30. Senegal
  31. Sierra Leone
  32. Singapore
  33. Sri Lanka
  34. Suriname
  35. Taiwan
  36. Tanzania
  37. Togo
  38. Trinidad
  39. United Kingdom
  40. USA
  41. Venezuela
  42. Vietnam
  43. West Africa
  44. Zaire
  45. USA -- Georgia
  46. USA -- Louisiana
  47. USA -- Hawaii
  48. USA -- Florida
  49. USA -- Texas
  50. USA -- California
  51. Australia -- Queensland
  52. Australia -- South Australia
  53. Cote d'Ivoire -- Bouake
  54. Cote d'Ivoire -- Abengourou
  55. Cote d'Ivoire -- Boouake
  56. Cote d'Ivoire -- Bouafle
  57. Cote d'Ivoire -- Daloa
  58. Cote d'Ivoire -- Dimbokro
  59. Cote d'Ivoire -- Ferkessedougou
  60. Cote d'Ivoire -- Gagnoa
  61. Cote d'Ivoire -- Katiola
  62. Cote d'Ivoire -- Korhogo
  63. Cote d'Ivoire -- M\'bahiakro
  64. Cote d'Ivoire -- Niakaramandougou
  65. Cote d'Ivoire -- Odienne
  66. Cote d'Ivoire -- Ouangolo
  67. Cote d'Ivoire -- Oume
  68. Cote d'Ivoire -- Soubre
  69. Cote d'Ivoire -- San Pedro
  70. Cote d'Ivoire -- Yamoussoukro
  71. Burkina Faso -- Banfora
  72. Burkina Faso -- Bobo Dioulasso
  73. Burkina Faso -- Boromo
  74. Burkina Faso -- Niangoloko
  75. Burkina Faso -- Ouagadougou
  76. Cote d'Ivoire -- Man
  77. Cote d'Ivoire -- Abidjan
  78. USA -- Florida -- Vero Beach
  79. USA -- Alabama -- Alabama -- Huntsville
  80. USA -- Alabama -- Mobile
  81. Thailand -- Nonthaburi -- Wat Pikul
  82. USA -- lab selected
  83. USA -- Alabama -- Huntsville
  84. Thailand -- Phom Pabsatupai -- Bangkok -- Phom Pabsatupai
  85. Thailand -- Muang -- Muang -- Nonthaburi
  86. Thailand -- Lad Lumkeaw -- Pathum Thani
  87. Thailand -- Muang -- Muang -- Nonthaburi
  88. Thailand -- Lad Lumkeaw -- Pathum Thani
  89. USA -- Alabama -- Lee -- Auburn
  90. USA -- Alabama -- Macon -- Tuskegee
  91. USA -- Alabama -- Elmore -- Tallapoosa
  92. USA -- Alabama -- Montgomery -- Montgomery
  93. USA -- Alabama -- Lowndes -- Letohatchee
  94. USA -- Alabama -- Butler -- Greenville
  95. USA -- Alabama -- Conecuh -- Evergreen
  96. USA -- Alabama -- Escambia -- Brewton
  97. USA -- Alabama -- Coosa -- Crewsville
  98. USA -- Alabama -- Talladega -- Talladega
  99. USA -- Alabama -- Jefferson -- Birmingham
  100. USA -- Alabama -- Blount -- Blountsville
  101. USA -- Alabama -- Cullman -- Hanceville
  102. USA -- Alabama -- Morgan -- Hartselle
  103. USA -- Alabama -- Limestone -- Athens
  104. USA -- Alabama -- Mobile -- Mobile
  105. USA -- Alabama -- Madison -- Huntsville
  106. USA -- Florida -- Okaloosa -- Fort Walton Beach
  107. USA -- Tennessee -- Davidson -- Nashville
  108. Thailand -- Kuala Lumpur -- Kuala Lumpur -- Insectarium of Division of Medical Entomology, Institute for Medical Research

Other Reference

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United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research and Extension ServiceInsecticide Resistance Action CommitteeMichigan State University ExtensionWERA-60